Abuse of Power Reflected in the Politics and Drama of...

Individual Abuse of Power Reflected in the Politics and Drama of Ancient Greece The Greeks believed that too much power entrusted in one person was dangerous. They were the first democratic society in a tumultuous world of kings and emperors, and they were proud of their ideology. Considering their fervent belief in rule by many, its not surprising that many Greek dramas revolve around an individual hero or a kings fall from power because of pride or some other personality flaw. Well-known characters in some of the greatest Greek tragedians plays illustrate this idea. In Aeschyluss Agamemnon, the title character is a returning king who behaves arrogantly and thoughtlessly. He is murdered by his wife and his kingdom falls apart.†¦show more content†¦The fact that he recognizes and regrets, at least a little bit, his crime makes Agamemnon seem more like an ill-fated man than a bad man, which shows that the gods are naturally inclined to be prejudiced against those who hold power. He goes on to wage war and destroy innocent lives, angering both the people and the gods. The chorus predict his downfall: â€Å"The gods fail not to mark those who have killed many. The black Furies stalking the man fortunate beyond all right wrench back again the set of his life and drop him to darkness† (Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 461-466). He does come to a bad end in an ironic twist as Agamemnon, the sacrificer, becomes the victim when his wife Clytemnestra murders him. Agamemnon‘s arrogance and weakness, symptoms of too much power, become obvious when he finally returns home from war. His wife greets him effusively and delightedly, but he says that her speech to him, like his absence, was too long (915- 916). Then he mocks her idea of placing rugs before him to walk on, saying that his reputation is strong enough without resorting to womanish tricks like walking on purple carpets. He feels he must boast in front of his wife, the one person who should not need convincing of his greatness. This shows how he loses some common sense in his preoccupation with the prestige of his name. Agamemnon then shows off his booty from the war, Cassandra. This is very disrespectful to his wife and shows again that Agamemnon isShow MoreRelatedGreek Influence on Rome3191 Words   |  13 PagesThroughout Roman history, there have been many changes that have taken place both in public and private domain. There was one group of people in particular who sparked ve ry influential changes on Rome, the Greeks. Greece was highly respected around the Mediterranean in most of ancient history, because they were the more advanced society both socially and militarily. It makes perfect sense that Rome wanted to take elements of Greek culture and incorporate it into the ever growing powerhouse thatRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed:Read MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesimpose a logical order on the illogicality of the book. Book I In the preface, after some autobiographical material, the author gives his reason for writing the work, which is to shed light on the nature of magic, a secret closely guarded by the ancient philosophers. He adds a summary of the contents of his four books (pp.1-3). This is replaced, in some manuscripts, by a detailed list of contents, arranged by chapter, of which a translation will be found on pp. lxxvi-lxxviii of the present volumeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesPostmodernism as a philosophy: the ultimate challenge to organization theory? Reflective organization theory: symbols, meanings and interpretations Reflexive organization theory: critical theory and psychoanalysis The evolution of management as reflected through the lens of modernist organization theory Perspectives and challenges 2 54 100 148 198 242 282 330 382 432 . . Contents Preface List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements xiii xvii xix xx Chapter 1 IntroducingRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pageseducation by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States byRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesfake pharmaceuticals. It is also easy to purchase addictive painkillers and other potentially harmful drugs over the Internet, and rogue websites even offer miracle cures for cancer and AIDS. The pace of change is outstripping the capabilities and powers of regulators. Increasingly vocal, well-informed and demanding consumers seem inevitable. Patients with Internet access can obtain information on new products directly themselves. Health is one of the top reasons for searches on the Internet. In

Notes On Fedex s Organizational Culture - 830 Words

I have worked at FedEx Express for almost 25 years! Most of my career at FedEx has been in operations management. Originally, FedEx’s organizational culture was shaped by our founder Frederick W. Smith. Growth and leadership changes for the company have changed the culture to fit the growing needs and direction of the company. When reviewing the layers of organization culture as defined by Kreitner and Kinicki (2013), FedEx has several observable artifacts. Most FedEx employees know there are hundreds of acronyms! Like most companies, there is an uniform dress code which all employees have to comply to, especially those that have face to face interaction with customers. There are several awards which are also observable†¦show more content†¦It focuses more on control than flexibility in a very structured environment. There are internal processes and control mechanisms that were measured daily. The stability of the company is important. Because stability is important, FedEx measures its performance by the second ensure efficiency and customer satisfaction. After reviewing the Netflix presentation on the Netflix website, https://jobs.netflix.com/life-at-netflix, there are some concepts or practices that FedEx can take from Netflix. In my opinion, Netflix s organizational culture type is clan culture. Internal focus and flexibility are important as opposed to stability and control. It is a more of a family-type organization, which according to Kreitner and Kinicki (2013), is a resemblance of a clan culture. Netflix s company value is measured by who gets rewarded, promoted, or let. Netflix appreciates their employees or work family. One way FedEx shows their appreciation is by promoting from within the company as opposed to hiring external applicants . More time and resources placed on training and preparing its employee for promotion would be an improve. The behavior and skills mentioned in the Netflix presentation are similar to the nine leadership dimensions that FedEx management applicants have to exhibit before getting a ma nagement position. FedEx should review these dimensions with all employees, not just employeesShow MoreRelatedFedex Case Analysis1395 Words   |  6 PagesANALYSIS FOR FEDEX 1. Give examples of needs, wants, and demands that FedEx customers demonstrate, differentiating these three concepts. In the case file for FedEx, Fred Smith the founder of FedEx mentions how business were having trouble figuring out how to get urgently needed packages to the right places quick and Smith knew that the need for business to move packages fast would only grow with time. From the beginning, FedEx was built on a foundation of obsessive customer focus (â€Å"FedEx,† 2015). NeedsRead MoreFederal Express2637 Words   |  11 Pagesglobal environment consistent with P-S-P, quality standards, local culture, and relevant laws and regulations in which employees are motivated to high levels of achievement of corporate goals, attaining of career objectives, and 100% customer satisfaction It is with this same objective that one is able to distinguish this company from its competitors, while being so efffective. CORPORATE CULTURE First of all Fedex HR practices revolve around its company culture. The motto people first is not merelyRead MoreThe Federal Express s Value Creation Frontier Essay1700 Words   |  7 PagesFederal Expresses Current Business Model FedEx operates a very different form of business model whereby it pioneered to operate independently by collective competition. This idea has allowed the company’s five main subsidiaries: FedEx Custom-Critical, FedEx Ground, FedEx Trade Networks, FedEx Logistics, and FedEx Express; the freedom of operating their own distribution, transportation and logistics systems. With such independence, each of these organizational components will focus on a specific segmentRead MoreRecruitment and Selection Strategy Plan - Fedex1641 Words   |  7 PagesRecruitment and Selection Strategy Plan - FedEx Assignment 1B Interview Strategy A job interview is a brief, but crucial, component of the employment process. And the Interview strategy majorly revolves around Selection Process. Selection process is a series of specific steps used by an employer to decide which recruits should be hired. It begins when recruits apply for employment and ends with the hiring decision. It involves matching the employment need of the applicant and the organizationRead MoreInside Fedex Express15684 Words   |  63 Pages2005-2006 Inside FedEx Express By Captain Gary Peterson 12 May 2006 Edited by Ms. Gerry Yemen Inside FedEx Express Introduction As a Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellow during 2005-2006, I was assigned to work at FedEx Express located in Memphis, Tennessee. FedEx Express provides time-critical delivery services and associated information assistance globally. It is one of several Operating Companies (OPCO) within FedEx Corporation. Other OPCOs include: FedEx Custom CriticalRead MoreFedex Case Study Essay2952 Words   |  12 Pagesis becoming the key distinction among transportation firms, FedEx recently announced plans to shrink its 4000 employee IT division by about 200 workers. The move has been considered jarring by some because FedEx traditionally has used layoffs only as a measure of last resort. How could this action affect the company’s organizational culture and employee relations, especially in lieu of its corporate philosophy? What steps should FedEx take in order to prevent or minimize possible negative effectsRead MoreManagement Of Information Technology And Information System s3409 Words   |  14 Pagessatisfaction can become an issue considering its cost. While this may be a focal point of customer satisfaction, it could also hurt the company s profitability. With Zappo s motto revolving around customer satisfaction, it would face a challenge trying to expand to international markets since the main issue will be attempting to understand a consumer s mindset and requirements in a foreign market. These challenges will be discussed in detail in the following section. III. Problems Problem 1:Read MoreManaging Global Expansion7295 Words   |  30 Pageshas concentrated its research and manufacturing operations in Germany and has derived around 20 percent of its revenues from the North American market. Given the highly scale-sensitive nature of the auto industry, it is easy to see that Mercedes-Benz s ability to compete in Europe, or even Germany, hinges on its market position and revenues from the North American market. 3. The Knowledge Imperative. No two countries, even close neighbors such as Canada and the United States, are completely alikeRead MoreHow  is  IT  transforming  business  and  what  is  their  relationship   to  globalization?  3652 Words   |  15 Pagesmobile digital devices. 2/3 Doylestown Hospital customized doctors’ iPhones with secure mobile access to the hospital’s electronic medical records system. Doctors receive information on vital signs, medications, lab results, allergies, nurses’ notes, therapy results, and patient diets. Doctors can also access medical reference applications to help them interpret lab results and obtain medication information. The hospital’s information systems department can authenticate system users and trackRead MoreOperation Strategies12822 Words   |  52 Pagesmeasures. CHAPTER OUTLINE The Role of Operations Strategy 28 Developing a Business Strategy 29 Links to Practice: Dell Computer Corporation 34 Developing an Operations Strategy 34 Links to Practice: Southwest Airlines Company 36 Links to Practice: FedEx Corporation 37 Strategic Role of Technology 40 Productivity 41 OM Across the Organization 46 Inside OM 47 Case: Prime Bank of Massachusetts 49 Case: Boseman Oil and Petroleum (BOP) 50 26 OPERATIONS STRATEGY AND COMPETITIVENESS †¢ 27 o maintain

Top 20 Indian Site Free Essays

Top 20 Indian Sites S. No Site DOB Type 1. Rediff. We will write a custom essay sample on Top 20 Indian Site or any similar topic only for you Order Now com 2/8/97 Portal 2. Indiatimes. com 22/12/96 Portal 3. Sify. com 6/10/98 Directory 4. Shaadi. com 30/7/96 Matrimony 5. Monsterindia. com 16/5/00 Jobs 6. IciciBank. com 16/7/96 Bank 7. Indiafm. com 15/6/98 Music 8. Sulekha. com 25/2/98 Society 9. Hindustantimes. com 14/8/96 News 10. MapsofIndia. com 14/9/98 Maps 11. Timesjobs. com 13/12/02 Jobs 12. Makemytrip. com 8/5/00 Travel 13. Expressindia. com 13/11/96 News 14. 123india. com 22/10/96 Search 15. Timesofindia. com 8/4/96 News 16. Wipro. com 8/12/92 Computer 17. Infosys. om 17/7/92 Computer 18. Tcs. com 25/11/97 Computers 19. Tata. com 15/10/96 business 20. Airindia. com List Of Top Companies Of India: Reliance Industries Limited This is the largest private sector conglomerate in India founded by Dhirubhai Amabani with an annual turnover of about US$ 35. 9. This Fortune Global 500 company have its businesses in materials and energy value chain. It enjoys the position of the global leadership and is also the largest producer of ya rn and fibre in the world. It ranks among the top ten producers across the globe in major petrochemical products. The primary subsidiaries of the company are Reliance Retail Limited and Reliance Petroleum Limited along with Reliance Industrial Infrastructure Limited. Oil Natural Gas Corporation This company is awarded as the Best Oil and Gas company in Asia. It is the lone contributor of about 84% India’s oil and gas. This company is not only among the leading Indian companies but also a leading company of oil and gas. The highest profit making corporate of India is ONGC. It has 77% share in the crude oil production of India. The company’s main activity is to explore,refine,produce,market and transport crude oil,natural gas etc. State Bank of India It is the largest Indian bank and one of the leading companies in India. It offers banking services through its wide network in India and overseas. With more than 16,000 branches it accounts for the largest bank branch network in India. It offers services like the Mobile Banking,Internet Banking, Demat Services,ATM Services,Corporate Banking,Merchant Banking,Agricultural Banking,online services like online educational loan,online SME loan and many others. Indian Oil Corporation It is a public sector Indian Petroleum company and also the largest commercial enterprise in India. This company ranks 116 on the list of the Fortune Global 500 list in the year 2008. It operates the widest and the largest network of fuel stations in India which is about 17,606. Auto LPG Dispensing Stations are started by the company and it helps reach Indane Cooking Gas to 47. 5 million households. The company’s products are diesel, petrol , Servo Lubricants etc. ICICI Bank The largest private sector bank in the sector of market capitalization in India is ICICI Bank and the second largest bank in assets. The wide network of the bank has 1,399 branches,49 regional processing centres,22 regional offices and more than 4,485 ATMs. It provides the banking services like Personal banking,Corporate Net Banking,NRI,Internet Banking,24-hr Customer Care and many other banking facilities. NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation Limited is the largest power company in India and has a capacity of 29894 MW with 7 gas based,15 coal based power stations and about four joint ventures. The company is the top among the Best Workplaces for Large Organizations. Two major units of the company is in Orissa. The core business of the company are construction,engineering and operation of power generating plants. Steel Authority of India Limited In India,one among the largest steel makers is Steel Authority of India Limited. The company has a turnover of about Rs. 45555 crore. The company also ranks higher among the top five largest profit earning Indian corporate. It is also the 16th largest producer of steel in the world. The website of the company gives all the required information about the Sales, Durgapur Steel Plant and other Plants and Units of the company. Tata Steel The company was initially known as TISCO and Tata Iron and Steel Company. It is the sixth largest Indian Steel company in the world. The crude capacity of the company is 28 million tones. It is also ranks second among the largest private sector steel companies in India. It had a profit of Rs 12,350 crore in the year 2008. The main plant is in Jharkhand, Jameshedpur. It has become multinational for its operations across the world. The registered office is in Mumbai. Bharti Airtel Bharti Enterprises’ flagship company is Bharti Airtel. It is the topmost company in the sector of telecom. The company is ranked as the one with best performance across the globe in 2007 by the Business Week Magazine. It is also the first provider of telephine service in the private sector and has carved the telecom sector path in India. The three business units of the company are Enterprise Services,Mobile services and Broadband and Telephone Services Reliance Communications The company offers services like the information and communication,infrastructure and services for individuals and enterprises,consulting and applications. The company consumers are in Reliance Landline, BroadNet, Rworld, Reliance Global call, Reliance IPTV,Wireless Phone,Mobile-CDMA,GSM etc. The company is a renowned name in the implementation and managing of entire telephony solution. How to cite Top 20 Indian Site, Papers

Business Culture Environment of Thailand †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Culture Environment of Thailand. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to offer a detail as well as sound description of the business culture environment of Thailand. Thailand is a well-known and renowned nation famous for its rapid development and innovative technologies. There is a rigorous welcome of the multinational corporations and the foreign direct investments to have huge investments in the various industries of the country (Santandertrade, 2017). The report is developed to offer information in respect with the several unique cultural aspects of Thailand which attracts the foreign companies to have their business roots in Thailand. The report will also present the various cultural differences which are their between the societies of Myanmar and Thailand. The next part of the report will offer a detailed cultural analysis of Thailand through the Hofstedes cultural lenses by taking sue of the cultural dimension theory. Rationale Thailand is recognized as the 2nd largest economy in the Southeast Asia. There is approximately a total of 1,554 million USD FDI inward flows in Thailand in the year 2016. There are around 171 Greenfield investments which have been there in 2016. The country possess a number of attractive and fascinating factors which help in fetching the attention of the foreign companies to successfully invest and perform businesses in the various regions of Thailand (Santandertrade, 2017). One more significant factor which attracts the companies of Myanmar to have their businesses in Thailand is the safe as well as opportunistic business environment of Thailand which helps the companies to become successful and flourish. There are high opportunities for growth, innovation and development of the organisations that are performing their business in Thailand. Thailand is a nation who extremely follows Buddhism. There is a Theravada Buddhism practice which is practiced at the highest level with some pa rt of the country following Hinduism too. In the old eras, there was military dictatorship in Thailand but in the phase after 1973, the nation was keeping a step ahead towards the developing phase where there was an end to the rule of military dictatorship (Iskander, 2013). The Thailand culture is rich and diverse in nature. The country is well-known for its famous traditional as well as for its modern culture. Thailand is a famous tourist place as there are number of places and things to visit comprising of contemporary culture, masked dance dramas, delicious cuisines, visual arts and the various social norms. Thailand possesses the culture of nuclear family. The male members of the societies are wholly responsible working and bearing all the expenses of ten families. The ratio of the women who are working is comparatively very less in respect with the percentage of the male members of the society. The maximum percentages of females are busy in household work only nation (Taras, Steel and Kirkman, 2012). The major percentage of the entire population of Thailand which is approximately ninety percent follows Buddhism only and the left percentage comprises of various other ethnicities and races such as Hinduism, Christians and few other cultures (Everycul ture, 2017). Detailed cultural analysis of Thailand Education From the education perspective, in Thailand, it is necessary that the children must have the education which is offered in the elementary schools and then have a compulsory education of one to three years offered in the elementary schools for the children of age group seven to nine. Then after the elementary school, there is a course of next three years which is second level education and that course is in respect with the carrying on with a course of next three years for the children of age group 13 to 15. After that there are two different streams i.e. vocational and academic which the children can opt for according to them. In comparison with the female and the male members passing the university course, there are a high percentage of male members rather than female. To take admission in the colleges, university course, high schools and elementary schools, the children are required to clear the entrance tests. In the education sector of the country, there has been realized increas ed completion (Tiranasar, 2004). Attitudes and Values There are particular attitudes are values which are possessed by the people of Thailand and there are specific rules and customs on the basis of which the people of Thailand work and so there takes place an increased level of homogeneity between the various social customs. The relationships and associations with the people are given huge importance. In Thailand, the business practices and operations are conducted with utmost flexibility and so there is rapid change in the functioning and the strategies according the demand off the market. There is high significance of silence and as a result there are faster decision making and fewer discussions made among individuals (commisceo-global, 2017). Aesthetics The Thailand aesthetics is a broad set of the ancient arts. It includes prominent art forms which have a long history. There are various art forms that influence Thai culture such as Westerners, Chinese, the Indian, the Mons, etc. The uniqueness of Thailand lies in it art forms comprising handicraft, painting and sculpture. Thailand, there maintains a strong balance among the age-old tradition i.e. the heritage and modernity. Thailand also comprises of harmonious fashion in respect with buildings, people, garden, train stations, displays, shops, products, food and advertisements and all the things which are eye-catching and fascinating (Expatfocus, 2017). Personal Communication The individuals of Thailand have their faith and believe in dealing with harmony and thus maximum of the communication are in the form of expressions only (Everyculture, 2017). There is increased use of the facial expressions but in respect with the eye contact there is very less use of eye-contact at the time of communication. In business conversations, there is taken use only of the formal language. There is maintained an adequate distance of one meter while having communication with strangers with a formal approach (Vailati, 2014). Religion Buddhism is the culture or religion which is highly followed in Thailand. The maximum of the percentage of the individuals follows Buddhism. Manners and Custom In Thailand, there is a casual aspect of offering greetings among the people. There are greetings shared by the means of raising hands, palms and keeping a posture of prayer. In the various professional meetings, there is taken use of a formal approach at the time of interactions and communications (Iskander, 2013). In respect with the female members in professional meetings, there is avoidance of hand shaking and there is use of smile for greeting purpose. There are homogenous societies in Thailand where there is increased level of unity in the families. There are also possesses features of collectivism where firstly their want and the needs of the societies are accomplished and then the individual needs are considered. The business societies in Thailand follow a vertical structure and it is essential to offer respect to the high executives and authorities both in the business societies and the families (Justlanded, 2017). Comparison of the business culture of Myanmar and Thailand In the business culture environment of Thailand, the people are usually polite in nature and effectively work on their minds. The people are extremely compatible with the various colleagues of the organisation and not aggressive in nature while dealing with other employees and the organisational situations (Shang,2015). On the other hand, in the business culture environment of Myanmar, there is a huge impact pose by the western culture on the business and the interpersonal associations. There are increased level of discussions and arguments are done in respect with the business communications and thus the chances of controversies increased because of huge arguments (Everyculture, 2017). In the organisations, the Myanmar people give priority and importance towards the attainment of the organisational goals and objectives. On the other hand, in the Thai business culture, the organisational individuals are more aggressive towards attainment of the individuals needs and requirements (Ham amura, et al., 2009). Negotiations In respect with the business meeting and business negotiations, the people of Thailand have a custom and tendency to share all the information with the business parties. At the time of business negotiations, the Thai people usually remain very relaxed and calm as they give huge importance to the personal relationships. And so, the overall process of business negotiations is bit faster (Everyculture, 2017). On the other hand, in Myanmar, the process of business negotiation is a bit slow because of the reason that there are followed strict regulations, processes and rules at the time of negotiating and business meetings. When it comes to prices, quotations and deadlines, the Myanmar people are tough and hard to deal with (Leony and Rudito, n.d.). Business meeting etiquette In respect with the business meeting etiquettes, in Thai business culture, there is a long process and time gap so that all the things can be effectively scheduled, lined up and planned (Everyculture, 2017). On the other hand, in Myanmar, there are scheduled business meeting and appointments in a very short notice period too and no need of long time gaps are required for conducting the business meets (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Gift giving etiquette In respect with the etiquette of gift giving, in Thailand, the sharing of the gifts is considered as a major protocol. At the time of business associations and meetings, the business associates as well as the colleagues, share various gifts among each other as a token of greet. This demonstrates increased level of respect towards the business parties. Sharing gifts with each other is a kind of ritual in Thailand (Everyculture, 2017). Whereas, on the other hand, in Myanmar, the sharing of gifts is also a ritual and at the time of business meetings, there is practice of sharing gifts. In Myanmar, the sharing and acceptance of the gifts is also considered as a token of respect (Factsanddetails, 2017). Dress Code In the business culture environment of Thailand, the individuals at the time of business meeting prefer wearing dark colour trousers, a formal tie with a full sleeves shirt of light colour and with a dark coloured formal business coat. In respect with the attire wore by women, there are used formal dress or business suits (Everyculture, 2017). On the other hand, in Myanmar, the men usually prefer wearing shirts with no collar and longyi and sometimes there are sued business suits which are of dark colours and the women usually prefer wearing longyi and blouse irrespective of the various weather conditions and seasons (Go-Myanmar, 2017). Hofstede's cultural analysis of Thailand Following is the analysis of the culture of Thailand on the basis of the Hofstedes cultural dimension theory by taking use of Hofstedes cultural dimension theory. Power distance The power distance dimension is used to understand the aspect of human equality and inequality. The high level of power distance denotes autocratic power relationship which shows there is an unequal distribution of power. On the other hand, the low level of power distance denotes that there is increased level of questioning and have an expectation that there will involvement of the individuals in the process of decision making in the companies (Hofstede, 2011). The power distance of Thailand is 64 which are very high in comparison with Myanmar. It demonstrates that the managers and the executives do not expect to have increased level of involvement in the decision making (Wordpress, 2014). And if the company of Myanmar plans to have business in Thailand, then there is a need to have restriction towards the delegation of authorities and involvement of the employees in planning and decision making (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Individualism The individual cultural dimension demonstrates the interpersonal relationship. The high level of individualism shows that there is an individualistic culture where the concerned is in regards with oneself and families (Newman, 2014). The low level of individualism shows increase collectivism where the concern is in respect with the societal members and the organisation. The individualism level of Thailand is 20 which shows low level and represents that there is unequal focus on personal and group objectives (Wordpress, 2014). In Myanmar, the level of individualism is moderate and thus if the company wants to have business in Thailand they must restrict offering self-recognition and individual opportunities to the people to work (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Uncertainty avoidance index The uncertainty avoidance dimension shows the societys or nations tolerance in respect with the occurrence of uncertainties (Steel and Taras, 2010). The uncertainty avoidance index of Thailand is 64 that reflect there is upsurge level of uncertainty avoidance. There are efficient practices for the avoidance of the impact of uncertainties (Wordpress, 2014). In comparison with Myanmar, the index of Thailand is a bit low and it becomes easy to bring any change in Thailand. Thus, for performing business in Thailand it is necessary to have deep understanding of regulations and culture to avoid uncertainties (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Masculinity The masculinity dimension is in relation with the value posed by ambitions, power and other material things. The high level shows increased difference in respect with genders and there is more importance over materialistic things and the low level shows presence of feminine culture and high importance to relations (Tang and Koveos, 2008). The masculinity index of Thailand is 95 that show high value to materialistic things (Wordpress, 2014). Whereas it is very low in Myanmar, therefore, to have business in Thailand, it is necessary to have more dependence on male members and materialistic things (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Long-term orientation It reflects the extent of dealing with present and future issues by linking with past situations. Increased level of orientation shows the individuals are concerned with future and are goal oriented and the decreased level shows there is a level of stability (Shi, and Wang, 2011). The index of Thailand is 32 which show there is non-descriptive cultural society. And there is a moderate commitment towards goal (Wordpress, 2014). In Myanmar scores a bit low index as and thus company is required to make a little additional efforts or any kind of change in respect with the long term orientations dimension (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Indulgence The indulgence dimension demonstrates that the nation is optimistic and there is freedom in aspect with speech and communication. The low level shows there is restraint culture and rigidity in behaviours (McSweeney, 2002). The indulgence level in Thailand is 45 that reflect there is less control on individuals or moderate control and also dominance of male members (Wordpress, 2014). But the indulgence index of Myanmar is high which shows there is a need that there must be given more freedom to eth employees so that they can work effectively in Thailand (Rarick and Nickerson, 2006). Conclusion The report concludes that, the business culture environment of Thailand is extremely affluent and rich and is much impacted by the western culture that comprises of moderate level of indulgence, high level of uncertainty avoidance, low level of long term orientations and masculinity index, individualism and high level of power distance. The cultural dimension framework of Hofstede help in analysing and understanding the business culture of Thailand as well as also supported in understanding what cultural practices must be consider while performing business in Thailand. This supports in better decision making in respect with the business expansion in the foreign nation. It can also be concluded that there are number of dissimilarities and similarities among the business cultures of both the nations. Therefore, it is necessary for the company of Myanmar to first develop an in-depth understanding of the various cultural aspects of Thailand before commencing the business operations. The info presented in the paper can offer several advantages to number of companies while performing business in Thailand and can also support in avoiding various cultural issues. References commisceo-global, (2017). Thailand Guide, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.commisceo-global.com/country-guides/thailand-guide Everyculture, (2017). Burma, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/Burma.html Everyculture, (2017). Thailand, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Thailand.html Expatfocus, (2017). Thailand - Business and Workplace Culture, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.expatfocus.com/expatriate-thailand-business-culture Factsanddetails, (2017). Customs, manners and etiquette in Myanmar, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Myanmar/sub5_5c/entry-3040.html Go-Myanmar, (2017). Doing business in Myanmar, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.go-myanmar.com/doing-business-in-myanmar Hamamura, T., Meijer, Z., Heine, S. J., Kamaya, K., Hori, I. (2009). ApproachAvoidance motivation and information processing: A cross-cultural analysis.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,35(4), 454-462. Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context.Online readings in psychology and culture,2(1), 8. Iskander, D., (2013). Thai Culture Uncovered: A Cultural Analysis, Pp.13, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://diskander1.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/thai-culture-uncovered.pdf Justlanded, (2017). Business etiquette: What to consider when doing business in Thailand, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.justlanded.co.in/english/Thailand/Thailand-Guide/Business/Business-etiquette Leony, B., Rudito, P. Market expansion to Myanmar: entry strategy formulation for pt. Telekomunikasi Indonesia. McSweeney, B. (2002). Hofstedes model of national cultural differences and their consequences: A triumph of faith-a failure of analysis.Human relations,55(1), 89-118. Rarick, C. A., Nickerson, I. (2006). An Exploratory Study of Myanmar Culture Using Hofstede's Value Dimensions. Santandertrade, (2017). Thailand: foreign investment, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://en.portal.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/thailand/foreign-investment Shang, H. (2015). Portrayal of Thailand: A Comparative Study of American and Chinese Films. Shi, X. and Wang, J., (2011). Interpreting hofstede model and globe model: which way to go for cross-cultural research?.International journal of business and management,6(5), p.93. Steel, P., Taras, V. (2010). Culture as a consequence: A multi-level multivariate meta-analysis of the effects of individual and country characteristics on work-related cultural values.Journal of International Management,16(3), 211-233. Tang, L., Koveos, P. E. (2008). A framework to update Hofstede's cultural value indices: economic dynamics and institutional stability.Journal of International Business Studies,39(6), 1045-1063. Taras, V., Steel, P., Kirkman, B. L. (2012).Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions.Journal of World Business,47(3), 329-341. Tiranasar, A. (2004, December). Cultural Identity and Art Education in Thailand. InAsia-Pacific Art Education Conference,: 28/12/2004 2004; Hong Kong. Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th/~tampai1/hk2004.htm Vailati, F. (2014). How does culture affect leadership: Case study Thailand. Wordpress, (2014). Hofstede of Thailand, Retrieved on: 22nd November 2017, Retrieved from: https://aliff44.wordpress.com/2014/03/11/hofstede-of-thailand/

Martin Luther King, Jr. Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s

Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is one of the most influential people of this century. King is not a great figure in history just because he is famous; he is great because he served the cause of peace and justice for all humans. King is best remembered for his humanity, leadership and his love of his fellow man regardless of their skin color. This presence of strong moral values developed Kings character, which enabled him to become one of the most influential leaders of our time. Through reading I Have a Dream Writings and Speeches that Changed the World, we learn that his values of integrity, love, truth, fairness, caring, non-violence, and peace were what motivated him to greatness. Integrity is a central value in a leaders character and it is through integrity that King had vision of the truth. The truth that one-day this nation would live up to the creed, all men are created equal. No man contributed more to the great progress of blacks during the 1950s and 1960s than Martin Luther King, Jr. He was brought up believing one man can make a difference, and this is just what he did. Integrity has a large effect on what we think, say, and do. It is because of Kings thoughts and actions so many people put their trust and faith in him. King believed that America, the most powerful and richest nation in the world, would lead the way to a revolution of the mind. This revolution will change the way society views itself, shifting from a materialistic society to a spiritual society. When this occurs, King believed that racism could be conquered. Kings unconditional love for all humans was another value that strongly influenced his character. King described his meaning of love in one of his many speeches, A Time to Break Silence: When I speak of love I am not speaking of some sentimental and weak response. I am speaking of that force which all of the great religions have seen as the supreme unifying principle of life. Love is somehow the key that unlocks the door, which leads to ultimate reality. King was called an extremist, which he was not sure how to deal with at first. After careful consideration he believed that if he were to be called an extremist for love, it could only be taken as a compliment. He believed that the world was in dire need for more extremists like him. King did not want to be remembered after his death by the Nobel Peace Prize or his many other awards. He wanted people to say ...that Martin Luther King, Jr., tried to love somebody. And I want you to say that I tried to love and save humanity. Even when his own life and the life of his family were threatened, King did not react with hatred or violence, he found more strength and courage. He told his fellow men, I want you to love your enemies. Be good to them. Love them and let them know you love them. Therefore, Kings love for the human race led him to focus his ministry and speeches in obedience to Jesus Christ, who loved his enemies so fully that he died for them. Kings ability to speak the truth is another value that made him such an influential leader. This ability is one reason why King was asked to be the leader of so many important protest marches and sit-ins. His mother was aware of Kings ability to speak the truth very early in his life. Kings followers believed that he would speak nothing but the truth. But, in Kings famous Letter from Birmingham Jail, he could only hope that what he had written will be seen as the truth: If I have said anything in this letter that overstates the truth and indicates an unreasonable impatience, I beg you to forgive me. If I have said anything that understates the truth and indicates me having a patience that allows me to settle for anything less than brotherhood, I beg God to forgive me. King also believed that all people should be treated with equality and fairness. This became the basis for the Civil Rights

Marketing Definition

Marketing Definition Marketing is an important aspect in the business world, but what exactly is marketing? This question is vital to know in order to be successful in the business world. Marketing definitions may be worded differently by different people, but the definition is the same across the board. Marketing is also important for organizational success, once the definition is fully understood.Marketing is the process that businesses use in order to interest customers in their products/services. It is important to remember this is a process. There are many other key factors involved in marketing including researching, promoting, selling, and distributing the products/services. BusinessDictionary.com defines marketing as ‚“Management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. As a philosophy, it is based on thinking about the business in terms of customer needs and their satisfaction. As a practice, it consists in coordination of four elements called 4P's: (1) identification, selection, and development of a product, (2) determination of its price, (3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place, and (4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy.Market Square, EnniscorthyMarketing differs from selling because (in the words of Harvard Business School's emeritus professor of marketing Theodore C. Levitt) "Selling concerns itself with the tricks and techniques of getting people to exchange their cash for your product. It is not concerned with the values that the exchange is all about. And it does not, as marketing invariably does, view the entire business process as consisting of a tightly integrated effort to discover, create, arouse, and satisfy customer needs" (2009). Another definition of marketing from MarketingPower Inc. states, ‚“Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clie nts, partners, and society at large‚” (2009).In order...

The Role Play of Chinese Woman Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Role Play of Chinese Woman - Research Paper Example The first chapter, No Name Woman starts with a clever talk story about an Aunt Maxine Kingston had no idea whether she even existed. As the story weaves its self using the narrator’s voice, we learn that Kingston’s aunt killed herself and baby by way throwing herself into the family well. This was primed on the stifling knowledge that her aunt had begotten an illegitimate child out of wed lock. Getting a child out of wed lock was something that was prohibited in the Chinese culture, therefore, when one become such a victim was perceived an outcast, and thought to have brought disgrace to her family. Ideally, when Kingston had this story from her mother, it dawns on Kingston that she is not supposed to utter the name of her aunt by all standards. She thus decides to confine the memory of her aunt in her imagination only. In the same context, Kingston manages to rekindle the terrible experience of her aunt giving birth in a pigsty, but no one bothers to give her gifts as it is with the Chinese culture, after one gives birth (Kingston 12). The second chapter White Tigers is concerned with another story talk about the mythical female hero Fa Mu Lan. Fa Mu Lan. This story is told through first person narration. Fa Mu Lan practices thoroughly to become a hero when is only seven years old. He captains over men by way of pretending to be a man herself. She does this with a view to fighting against corrupt tycoon and monarch. After Fa Mu Lan wars are completed, she commits herself to the roles of both a wife and a mother. This revelation provides a sharp dissimilarity between Ha Mu Lan and Kingston different lives. Kingston stayed in America which had visible vestiges of racism. Her bosses were purely racist, and there was no she could stand up to them. So the resolutely resorted to fighting them using her own words as the sole weapon (Dickson 13). The third chapter threads through Kingston’s mother, Brave Orchid, and her senile traditional life bac k in China. Kingston’s mother was very influential doctor, midwife. Going by the story her mother was also a destroyer of ghosts. To Kingston, her mother’s past is as incredible as it is petrifying. Brave Orchid’s tales she regaled to her about the Chinese babies left to die; child traffic involving young girls disturb Kingston for many eons (Kingston 34). Towards the end of the chapter, Kingston comes home after being away for many years. Eventually, the two reconcile and mend holes that dented on their relationship after disagreeing and disputing over certain issues for a long time. The fourth chapter At the Western Palace is based on another of Brave Orchid’s talk-stories. These talk stories touch on the subject of an emperor who had married two wives. This story is somewhat intoned with analogy for Kingston’s sister Moon Orchid. When you delve dipper into the story, you learn that Moon Orchid’s husband, an accomplished doctor based in Lo s Angeles, had left her back in China and married a second wife in America. She goes later to America to claim her due as his wife. She hardly knows any English. Furthermore, things worsen for and she left to provide for herself in America. In the end, Moon Orchid goes mad and succumbs to her illness in a California state mental hospital (Kingston 145). Lastly, the final chapter A Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe is matter of factly a memoir. This story talks in great lengths about Kingston herself and her

Enterprise systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Enterprise systems - Essay Example Advanced analytics Furthermore, due to the development of enterprise systems and its functionalities, all the market analyst and correspondents join together to give new names for enterprise systems. The names that are suggested mainly are â€Å"enterprise commerce management† or â€Å"ERP II† (Fingar, Kumar and Sharma). 2 Purchasing Concepts and Organization in SAP The purchasing process in SAP starts with the warehouse sub process. If we take an example of Reynolds Corporation the process of purchase requisition is created and moves forward to another sub process called as purchasing. The purchasing sub process establishes and transmits the purchase order. The purchase order is than received by the warehouse sub process of Reynolds Corporation that initiates the function called as material receivables. Moreover, after this function, the purchasing process enters in the accounting function of Reynolds Corporation. Likewise, the accounting function received the invoice and sends the payment (Stewart 2005). Reynolds Corporation position to gather the profit from information flows that are present inside and outside the firms. This can be done by integrating bonus procedures along with a main financial system. On the contrary, some of the organizations are deploying enterprise systems functionalities as no company ever reported to completely finish implementing enterprise systems procedures (Becker et al. ). ... For Reynolds Corporation, the below mentioned values must be operational: Integrate enterprise systems is combined and synchronized along with the organizations significant data and procedures. This is done to utilize the system to connect with the procedures related to the organization and customers. Optimize best enterprise systems software’s are normalizing to give high performance and compete with the organizations significant procedures and strategies. The term â€Å"Informate† is used when the information is transformed into work in any organization. The transformation of data as mentioned in enterprise systems is done by information that is rich in context and information that allow analysis of business and facilitates decision-makers to numerous work forces. If we are talking about enterprise systems, many organizations do not implement it to its optimal level. Likewise, by constructing the rare technical components of Reynolds Corporation, it can only provide a limited value. Relatively, the research highlights the significant advantages not only for Reynolds Corporation that is in process of processing the raw components and entitles itself for the ownership to meet the distinctive vision of the organization. After placing the preconditions of cost and time, the prediction of the model that demonstrates the perceived value from enterprise systems for Reynolds Corporation emphasis on three main features that are mentioned below: 2.1 Integrate On the value scheme of integration, enterprise systems were originally formed. An enterprise system certainly recommends the assurance of incorporation through centralizing information that is operational in a habitation from where it will be

California Vaccine Mandate Bill Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

California Vaccine Mandate Bill - Research Paper Example Initially, the philosophical exemption law protected some groups of Americans against mandatory vaccination based on their religious and philosophical perspectives of them. It means that while it is almost necessary that children are vaccinated before they enter school, some children were exempted. However, the California vaccine mandate bill will eliminate the privilege starting 2016 (McGreevy, 2015). Therefore, the implication of the new bill is that families with negative religious beliefs will no longer be exempted. The new bill demands that a greater number of Californian children is vaccinated before they enter schools. According to the LA Times (April 22, 2015), the Senate passed the legislation on Wednesday 28, 2015 and will become a law beginning 2016 (McGreevy, 2015). The bill also provides that have negative perception of vaccines as a way of protecting their interests. There is a question of how suitable the proposed legislation is towards safeguarding of the rights of re ligious minorities in the state. While there is an acknowledgement of the rights of minority groups in the state, the new legislation will undermine such a privilege. The rationale for the deduction is that as some parents already complained, the number of children in schools will go lower. The reasoning is simple because parents with such beliefs will opt to keep their children away from schools as a way of protecting their interests. Some may argue that the legislation provides for parents with such opinions to home school their children.

A Case Study Of Mental Health

A Case Study Of Mental Health Mental health has become a major global problem. It affects 450 million people and one in four of us will suffer from mental ill- health at some time in our lives (WHO, 2001). Mental Health is used positively to indicate a state of psychological well- being, negatively to indicate its opposite ( as in mental health problems) or euphemistically to indicate facilities used by, or imposed upon , people with mental health problems ( as in mental health services). During the nineteenth century, all patients were certified under lunacy laws. That is, the State only made provisions for the control of madness. The fledgling profession of psychiatry ( this term was first used in Britain in 1858) was singularly preoccupied with segregating and managing lunatics . With the emergence of the First World War, soldiers began to break down with shellshock now called post traumatic stress disorder . From this point on, psychiatry extended its jurisdiction from madness to versions of nervousness provoked by stress or trauma. In the twentieth century, more abnormal mental states came within its jurisdiction, such as those due to alcohol and drug abuse and personality problems. Today, mental health services may be offered to, or be imposed upon, people with this wide range of problems, although madness or severe mental illness still captures most of the attention of professionals .Another aspects of the term mental health problems is that some people, criti cal of psychiatric terminology, object of scientific or logical grounds to notions like mental illness or mental disorder. In the 1983 Act and equivalent Scottish legislation mental illness is not defined. However, Article 3(1) of the Northern Ireland Order does define it as a state of mind which affects a persons thinking, perceiving, emotion or judgement to the extent that he requires care or medical treatment in his own interests of other persons. Neither the Scottish nor Northern Ireland definitions include psychopathic disorder and there has recently been some discussion in the context of review of the Mental Health Act about removing it in England and Wales. Issues concerning mental health have been raised substantially in the consciousness of politicians, the media, and the public. Moreover, the burden of mental disorder is regarded not just as a if not the- principal cause of human misery, but as a significant impediment to social and economic growth. Measurement of the years of potential life lost and the years of productive life lost through mental ill- health could reach 15% of all diseases and deaths globally by 2020 (WHO, 1999). A further dimension of inequalities in the apparent scale of mental health problems is race. Race is controversial to define. Genetic distinctions between groups of humans ( other based on sex) have little empirical basis. Racial distinctions arose from anthropological investigations carried out by colonized indigenous people. However, because of colonization, the social identity of these people became real for them and others. In the United States black patients are overrepresented in mental institutions, and have become increasingly so over the postwar period. This has particularly been the case within state mental hospitals, where minority groups constitute 35 per cent of the hospital population, and are subject to higher rates of admission and readmission. In a review of eight epidemiological studies conducted in the United States between the late 1950s and mid- 1970s, Kessler and Neighbors (1986) found that among persons with low incomes black people exhibited significantly more distress than white people. They claimed, therefore, that race is an important independent variable in determining the likelihood of an individual becoming mentally ill. There is some dispute over what to make of this evidence. Cockerham (1990) maintains that the majority of studies on the incidence and distribution of mental health problems suggest that race is not an independent variable: race alone does not appear to produce higher rates of mental disorder for particular groups. Rather, it is because more black people are in the lower social cases that they tend to demonstrate more signs of mental distress. Others, however, disagree. Halpern (1993) argues that minority status can be demonstrated to result in a tendency towards psychiatric problems. As with gender, a number of studies have been conducted indicating that racial bias exists in the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems. It has been found, for example, that white therapists generally rated their black clients as being more psychologically impaired than did black therapists. Patients who are uncooperative, threatening or abusive are more likely to be diagnosed as being mentally ill if they have minority status. In particular, it has been found that being black tends to increase the chances of a person being diagnosed as being schizophrenic (Wade, 1993). Certain groups such as people of Afro- Caribbean origin tend to be more likely than whites to receive psychotherapy. Minority groups have proved less able to make use of community- based services. This is partly because they have lacked the resources to participate in the development of community care, and partly because of the lack of interest in or understanding of the specific cultural needs of minority groups when establishing services ( Wade, 1993). The term Afro- Caribbean refers to black people who either still live in Caribbean or who moved to Britain. Britain is an ex-colonial power, which enslaved and forcibly transported African people. Afro-Caribbean people have higher rates of diagnosis for schizophrenia but lower rates for depression and suicide than indigenous whites. An unresolved debate about over- representation is whether it is actual ( black and Irish people are mad more often) or whether it is a function of misdiagnosis . The data of Irish people highlight why the stresses of racism, based purely on skin colour, are not an adequate explanation of differences in mental health status. Although Afro- Caribbean people are vulnerable to psychosis, prevalence rates of all diagnostic categories are higher than for the indigenous ( non- Irish)whites in Britain. What are the implications of comparing and contrasting these two ex-colonized groups for our understanding of the relationship between race and mental health? The first point to emphasise is that given the white skin of the Irish, racism based on skin colour may be a stressor but is not one that accounts for racial differences in mental health. A second point is that while both groups are post-colonial remnants of forced migration, the circumstances for each were different. Third, the circumstances of migration to Great Britain were similar in some ways but not others. Employment opportunities governed population movement in each. Fourth, as ex-colonized, Afro- Caribbeans and the Irish have been recurrently stigmatized and rejected. A confirmation of this point is that these groups are also over-represented in the prison population, not just in involuntary specialist mental health services. Fifth, and following the previous point, whatever the causal explanations for over- representa tion, the racial bias means that these groups are disproportionately dealt with by specialist mental health services. As the latter are dominated by coercion, this outcome can be thought of as a form of structural disadvantage for these groups. The needs, issues and concerns of black and minority ethnic people (BME) with mental health problems have been pushed to the fore of the national health policy agenda (Department of Health, 1999; Department of Health, 2005). Britain is a multi- cultural society where the percentage of the population that is from minority groups is steadily increasing. In 2001 minority groups comprised seven per cent of the population, with a concentration in London and other inner city areas. BME communities occupy particular positions of disadvantage in the United Kingdom. Inequalities are reflected across all indices of economic and social well- being.They generally have higher rates of unemployment, live in poorer housing, report poorer health, have lower levels of academic achievement and higher rates of exclusion from schools. The tragic but significant marker for BME communities was the death of David Bennett while being restrained by nursing staff on a medium secure ward. After a long campaign by his family, an independent inquiry report concluded that the NHS mental health services are institutionally racist'( Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire SHA, 2003). The government subsequently published an action plan for Delivering Race Equality (Department of Health,2005). This plan has three building blocks: to develop more appropriate and responsive services, to provide better quality information on the mental health needs of BME, to encourage greater community engagement in the planning and delivery of mental health services. DRE focuses on organisational change, but fails to appreciate the heterogeneity within the BME population, and the complex range of identities and practices it contains.It also fails to appreciate that the inequalities in mental health for black people exist within a broader historical and contemporary context of social and economic inequalities and prejudice. Moreover, the problem seems to have been framed in the context of culture- thus, the focus in the DRE strategy on developing a culturally competent workforce. Fernando (2003) argues that a focus on culture can itself be racist and therefore has to be examined in this context. Another issue to consider is the impact of racial disadvantage and discrimination on individuals , their families and communities. Petel and Fatimilehin (1999) suggested that the impact of racism is psychological, social and material. The effects of these are likely to be detrimental to mental health, but it has to be borne in mind that for some it may be minimal, while for others it may be of great significance to their emotional well-being. The effects of racism on the individual may have wider impacts on families and communities . The impact of racism therefore has to be analysed in the context of histories of migration, histories of alienation, the subordination that resonates for these groups, and the way in which these groups have been stigmatised and continue to be stigmatised in society today. There are many competing discourses and perspectives on what constitutes mental illness. Bracken and Thomas (2005)argue that our knowledge of mental illness and distress is indeterminate and new ways of thinking about mental illness are constantly emerging. Coppock and Hopton (2000)suggest that there is ample evidence to show that mental illness is affected by social and political circumstances. Mental illness can be deeply dehumanising and alienating. It is generally regarded with anxiety and fear and loads to rejection and exclusion. A report by the Social Exclusion Unit (2004) found that people with mental health problems are among the most disadvantaged and socially excluded groups in society. The stereotype of big and dangerous has been fixed in the popular case of Christopher Clunis- a back man who had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, who randomly killed a stranger to him, Jonathan Zito, in a London underground in 1992. Keating et .al (2002) have demonstrated that such stereotypical views of black people, racism, cultural ignorance, stigma and anxiety associated with mental illness often combine to influence the way in which mental health services assess and respond to the needs of BME communities. There are at least three factors that underpin black peoples experiences of the mental health system: one, how black people are treated in society; two, how people with mental health problems are treated in society and three, the power of institutions to control and coerce people with mental health problems. Black peoples experiences in society have an impact on their mental and emotional well- being; these experiences in turn influence how they experience and perceive mental he alth services, and their position in society affects how they are treated in mental health services. Eradicating the disparities in mental health treatment and outcomes for a black people requires change in individual practices, but this can only be successful if supported by changes at the organisational level. Efforts to improve mental and emotional well- being for BME communities should be anchored in an understanding of history, broader societal conditions and contexts, and black peoples lived experiences: not just their experiences of racism, but also how they have survived in the face of multiple adversities. McKenzie (2002) has argued that the lack of definition of mental health from a British African Caribbean perspective and the use of diagnostic criteria based on white European norms rather than on the values and experience of the African- Caribbean population is problematic. Further evidence Hunt (2003), Keating, Robertson and Kotecha (2003) and McKenzie (2002) suggests that people from BME communities experience a number of social and environmental risk factors which adversely affect their mental health. These include high unemployment rates: poor housing, racism, low educational expectations, particularly for African and Caribbean boys (Grater London Authority/ London Health Observatory 2002); isolation; and a lack of access to opportunities for personal development. A report by the black mental health charity Footprints (UK) (2003), which works primarily with African Caribbean service users, has identified continuing issues of concern about care and treatmet as: the need for better assessment to promote more culturally acceptable interventions, concerns about medication, including high dosages and polypharmacy, resulting in numerous adverse side- effects and negative staff attitudes. Keating et al. (2003) have highlighted the point that black people see using mental health services as a degrading and alienating experience and that their perception is that service respond to them in ways that mirror some of the controlling and oppressive dimensions of other institutions in their lives, for example exclusion from schools and contact with police and the criminal justice system. The National Service Framework for Mental Health ( NSFMH) is an important driver and ways a key step in actively signalling that health services must ensure that the needs of people from BME communities are incorporated in the planning processes from mental health care. The framework emphasised the need for diverse communities to be consulted about the ongoing effectiveness and suitability of services. The NHS Plan is underpinned by ten core principles that are aimed at ensuring that people who use mental health services are at the centre of determining how services are delivered. The NHS Plan contains an explicit recognition of the diversity that exists within Britain. The recently published strategy on black mental health again underscores the governments commitment to race equality and outlines the underpinning roles of the NSFMH and the NHS Plan in ensuring that its modernisation programme within mental health is delivered. In conclusion the impetus and improvement for mental health service delivery to BME communities can be seen. Many people who use mental health services, however, would argue that what is less tangible is change in hospital wards, day centres, residential homes and engagements with community mental health teams; in essence, at the coal face. There is scope for substantial and sustainable change. It will require a recognition by mental health professionals of the strengths that service users and their families can bring in reshaping service delivery, partner- professionals and, most importantly, agreement by service providers and service users on clear and mutually agreed goals and outcomes about what constitutes improved care and treatment. Efforts to improve mental and emotional well- being for BME communities should be anchored in an understanding of history, broader societal conditions and contexts, and black peoples lived experiences: not just their experiences of racism, but also how they have survived in the face of multiple adversities. Beata Kulinska Student no: 09284805 Word count: 2999 References Pilgrim, D.(2005) Key Concepts in Mental Health. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Scull, A.(1979) Museums of Madness .Harmondsworth: Penguin. Stone, M,( 1985) Shellshock and the psychologists. London: Tavistock. Rogers, A. and Pilgrim, D.(2005) A Sociology of Mental Health and Illness.3rd ed. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Wade, J. (1993) Institutional racism: an analysis of the mental health system. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry.63(11): 536-544. Littlewood, M. (1980) Ethnic minorities and psychiatric services. Sociology of Health and Illness.2: 194-201. Sashidharan, S.(1993) Afro- Caribbeans and schizophrenia: the ethnic vulnerability hypothesis re- examined. International Review of Psychiatry. 5: 129- 144. Bracken,P.J., Greenslade, L., Griffen, B., Smyth, M. (1998) Mental health and ethnicity: an Irish dimension. British Journal of Psychiatry. 172: 103-105. Greenslade, L.(1992) White skin, white masks: psychological distress among the Irish in Britain. Leicester: Leicester University Press. White, A. (2002) Social focus in brie: ethnicity. London: Office for National Statistics. Healthcare Commission (2005) Count me in: results of a national census if inpatients in mental health hospitals and facilities in England and Wales. London: Healthcare Commission. Bhui, K., McKenzie, K., Gill, P. (2004) Delivering mental health services for a diverse society. British Medical Journal. 329: 363-364. McKenzie, K.(2002) Understanding racism in mental health. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Trivedi, P. (2002) Racism, social exclusion and mental health: a black service users perspective. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Department of Health (1999) National Service Framework for Mental Health: Modern Standards and Service Models. London: Department of Health. Department of Health (2000) The NHS Plan: A Plan for Investment, a Plan for Reform. London: The Stationery Office. National Institute for Mental Health England (2003) Inside/ Outside: Improving Mental Health Services for Black and Minority Ethnic Communities in England. London: Department of Health.

Reality of Sports :: Movies Film Basketball Essays

Reality of Sports Upon watching the films during this course we see many strong women. Female Athletes whose bodies are in peak condition from the real life champions in the documentary to the female boxer in Girl Fight and the passionate basketball player in Love and Basketball. However stories of real women are not always as ideal as those of Hollywood. Failure, both mentally and physically, is at times a harsh reality. Sometimes when somebody is physically injured it keeps an athlete from the game entirely, if the injury is severe enough. But one may recover physically and never have quite the same mental attitude. The main character in this plot will encounter both physical and mental set backs and either triumph over her hardships or be defeated. A fourteen-year old girl runs into the gymnasium of her middle school with her teammates. They do their warm up routine to stretch their muscles. Form one of two sets of bleachers a handful of people cheer, mostly bored younger siblings and parents supporting their little girls. The baskets have been lowered at opposing ends of the court. The referee sounds her whistle for the game to begin. The two tallest girls from either team stand toe to toe posed for the toss up. Third quarter, the away team has the advantage. The fourteen year old is playing with all of her strength of body and heart. The ball is thrown; she intercepts it. Dribbling down the court, she goes for the open lay up. In mid air she is struck by a vengeful for whom threw the misguided pass. They take a hard fall jumbled on the floor, out of bounds. The girl from the visiting team stands up. The other does not. She is on the floor grabbing her knee. The coaches run out to her, and lift her up to take her back to the b ench. The game continues as she sits with a towel over head to hide the tears of anguish. A few doctors later and her joint is still not quite the same. She struggles in high school trying to get back on a team, but her knee fails her. Eventually she becomes scared to even hoops in her backyard for fear of hr knee's health. She does not want to continue injuring the same knee for fear of becoming crippled. Eventually she gives up on joining a team.